From puberty to menopause, and everything in between, women’s bodies undergo tremendous changes throughout life. While many of us understand the basics—what a vagina is, the role of the vulva, and how babies are made—journalist Polly Vernon, with guidance from dozens of medical experts, has created an in-depth encyclopedic exploration of female biology, covering everything from foundational knowledge to the strange and fascinating aspects of the female body.
1. Pain Should Not Be Ignored
Period cramps, childbirth pain, and endometriosis are part of many women’s lives. Yet, women often endure pain silently. Professor Andrew Horne from the University of Edinburgh explains: “Every part of a woman’s biological existence involves more pain.” The annual Nurofen Gender Pain Index Report highlights that girls are often taught their pain won’t be believed, and they may dismiss it to avoid being seen as a burden. It is essential to advocate for yourself and seek medical support—medications and tests can help identify underlying causes.
2. Hormones Influence Your Mood and Health
Many women attribute mood swings to being “hormonal,” but rarely know which hormones are at play. There are over 50 different hormones in the body, present in both men and women in varying amounts. Hormonal fluctuations affect emotions, daily performance, behavior, and even injury risk. Managing sleep, exercise, nutrition, and stress is crucial for maintaining hormonal health. In cases like menopause, consulting a GP about HRT (hormone replacement therapy) can be beneficial.
3. Breast Awareness and Preventive Care
Old myths claim underwire bras or deodorants cause cancer—this is false. However, women should be aware of any changes in their bodies and perform regular breast self-checks. Monthly checks of breasts, nipples, collarbone, and armpits, along with attending mammograms from around age 50, remain the best ways to detect potential problems early.
4. Sync with Your Menstrual Cycle
Hormones affect behavior and emotions throughout the cycle. For instance, just before ovulation, estrogen can increase social and sexual drive, encouraging women to be more outgoing. After ovulation, progesterone shifts emotions, often increasing introspection or low mood. Understanding your cycle can improve the connection between mind and body and allow for smarter planning and self-care.
5. Protect Your Vagina and Microbiome
The vagina is not just a body part; it reflects overall health. Its delicate microbiome of bacteria and fungi is essential for preventing infections like thrush, bacterial vaginosis, and UTIs. Women should avoid harsh soaps and instead use mild, unscented cleansers on the vulva. Cotton underwear and avoiding synthetic fabrics help maintain balance and reduce irritation. Proper care prevents infections and preserves natural function.
6. Exercise Your Pelvic Floor Muscles
Pelvic floor muscles naturally weaken during pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause, which can lead to urinary or bowel incontinence. Regular exercises strengthen these muscles, improving daily life, social confidence, and even protecting cognitive health in later years. Apps like “Squeezy” can guide exercises, and it’s never too late to start—even if incontinence is already present.
Conclusion:
Understanding your body is empowering. From managing pain and hormones to vaginal health and pelvic floor strength, this knowledge equips every woman to take control of her health, prevent complications, and live safely and confidently. This article encourages women to stay informed, seek medical guidance when needed, and pay attention to the subtle signals their bodies send every day.
